These and other components are described in the heat exchanger design handbook. Floating head exchangers are used when the media being handled causes fairly rapid fouling. With high reliability and wide adaptability, floating head heat exchanger has accumulated a wealth of experience during the long term using process, and promoted its. Inspection and test plan for shell and tube heat exchanger important points. Floating head is fitted to the tube sheet which is away from the channel. A pullthrough floating head exchanger with an integral shell cover may be. Other important heat exchanger components include those in the floating head assemblies, supports and rectangular headers in air cooled exchangers. Sonomatic provides a range of inspection and integrity services for heat exchangers and tubing. Floating head versus u tube heat exchanger chemical. It is specially designed to be completely stressfree to promote longer equipment life and virtually no maintenance. This standard specifies the floating head heat exchanger including heat exchanger and condenser with external bonnet side flange hereinafter referred to as side flange structure type and family size. Head off heat exchanger errors chemical processing. These heat exchangers are made from quality metal which is corrosion resistant and withstands tough weather condition. We have included on that figure the nomenclature to be used in subsequent derivations.
Heat exchanger design handbook kuppan thulukkanam this comprehensive reference covers all the important aspects of heat exchangers hes. Tubes can expand freely, the channel head and shell cover arrangement are convenient for inspection, and the tube bundle can be removed easily for cleaning. Inspection and test plan for shell and tube heat exchanger. As shown in the name of it, in this design, one end of the tubesheet is fixed to the shell, while the other one can float freely inside the shell.
Defining the major tema constructions and identifying their advantages, limitations and applications suitable for each type can be advantageous to your process. Feb 26, 2015 14 floating head heat exchanger pg check bundle to shell gasket sealing check back cover gasket sealing fill shell side by water drain floating head heat exchanger shell side final hydrotest. Heat transfer equipment may be designated by type or function it performs, such as chiller, condenser, cooler reboiler, etc. Floating head type shell and tube heat exchanger so as to make removal of the tube bundles possible and to allow for considerable expansion of the tubes, a floating head exchanger is used. Floating head heat exchanger on sales quality floating head. Heat exchanger heat exchanger evaporative condenser receiver compressors compressors brine supply receiver. Third party inspection for shell and tube heat exchanger mockup test of tube to tubesheet weld. Heat exchanger inspection training the inspector camera. Floating head heat exchanger with removal bundle a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger is the cheapest because of the ease of fabrication. The planning process starts by finding out what data is needed from the inspection. What is the function of floating head in heat exchanger.
Lewin heat exchanger design shellandtube heat exchangers 12 fixed head 12 floating head. These are used when shell side fluid is clean and nonfouling. R sekulib university of kentucky introduction a heat exchanger is a device that is used for transfer of thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a. Feb 23, 2000 this comprehensive reference covers all the important aspects of heat exchangers hestheir design and modes of operationand practical, largescale applications in process, power, petroleum, transport, air conditioning, refrigeration, cryogenics, heat recovery, energy, and other industries. Mockup test is made when required by purchase order or contract. If no flame disturbances are observed, proceed to step 2.
Floating head heat exchanger is one of the most used heat exchanger. This type of exchangers consists of tubes which are bent in the form of a u. These standards include a threeletter designation of the exchanger type that specifies overall mechanical layout in the form. The floating tube heat exchanger is unlike any shell and tube heat exchanger. This approach means inspection of the shell can take place without the need to remove the tube bundle. Two fluids can exchange heat, one fluid flows over the outside of the tubes while the. Most process shellandtube heat exchangers are manufactured to tubular exchanger manufacturers association tema standards. Since 1979, he has consulted on a variety of problems with process and power generation heat exchanger problems. Heat exchangers floating heads or tube bundles manufacture of. Mar 05, 2020 floating head is fitted to the tube sheet which is away from the channel.
The documentation book furnace heat exchanger failure the. The assembly comprises a doublecylinder assembly which is connected with a side flange on a shell of a floating head. Searching documents and internet sources the following is what i found on heat exchanger inspection methods and sources. On a floating head, the secondary tubesheet is small enough to pass through. This heat exchanger requires periodic cleaning, replacement of tubes etc. Tubes can be cleaned mechanically, chemically, water blasted or steam cleaned. Understanding heat exchanger reading 03 part 2 of 2 the aramco std. Tube bundle can be removed for cleaning and inspection. Lewin heat exchanger design shellandtube heat exchangers 12 fixed head 12 floating head 7 6 plant design daniel r. The invention discloses an assembly for a pressure test of a floating head type heat exchanger.
Special designs are available for particulate ladened air streams, corrosive applications, high temperatures, and high pressures. Floating tube sheet diameter is kept slightly smaller than the inner shell diameter so that the entire tube bundle can be removed from the channel end. Shell and tube exchangers an overview sciencedirect topics. Fixed tubesheet exchangers, utube exchangers, floating head exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers are one of the most popular types of exchanger due to the flexibility the designer has to allow for a wide range of pressures and temperatures. The hard coke fragments can originate in the reactor overhead line or in the main fractionator and often become dislodged following a unit shutdown. There are many areas on a heat exchanger that you can not get to for visual inspections while the heat exchanger is in the furnace.
Floating head shell and tube exchangers floating head exchangers are used when the media being handled causes fairly rapid fouling and the temperature creates expansion problems. This comprehensive reference covers all the important aspects of heat exchangers hestheir design and modes of operationand practical, largescale applications in process, power, petroleum, transport, air conditioning, refrigeration, cryogenics, heat recovery, energy, and other industries. In this, exchanger tubes are fixed at both the ends of the floating and stationary tubes sheet. The authors have presented more than 100 short intensive courses on shellandtube heat exchangers, closed feed water heaters, and tubular exchanger inspection, maintenance, and repair in the united states, canada, and europe. The manufacturer shall carry out the inspections required by the asme code, customer. Tubeandshell heat exchanger in which the tube sheet at one end of the tube bundle is free to move explanation of internal floating head exchanger. Both ends of u tube are fixed in the same tube sheet. Floating head designs of head exchangers in an effort to reduce thermal stresses and provide a means to remove the tube bundle for cleaning, several floating rear head designs have been established. Inspection of the entire length of heat exchanger tubes however brings along a few extra challenges. A practical guide for planning, selecting and designing of shell and tube exchangers takes users on a stepbystep guide to the design of heat exchangers in daily practice, showing how to determine the effective driving temperature difference for. In floating head type heat exchanger, fluid runs through the tubes and another fluid flows over the tubes which transfer the heat between these two fluids. Heat exchanger tube bundle extraction process duration. Completely revised and updated to reflect current advances in heat exchanger technology, heat exchanger design handbook, second edition includes enhanced figures and thermal effectiveness charts, tables, new chapter, and additional topicsall while keeping the qualities that made the first edition a centerpiece of information for practicing engineers, research, engineers, academicians. We have been facing frequent failures in floating head joint of split ring type shell and tube heat exchangers.
Sample activities for heat exchanger cleaning and inspection work activities and work steps are very useful information. The floating tubes sheet is clamped between the floating head and a clamp ring. Jun 01, 2002 tema is a set of standards that defines the heat exchanger style and machining and assembly tolerances to be employed in the manufacture of a given exchanger. The coke fragments generally accumulate on the exchanger tube sheets at the inlet to the tubes resulting in an excessive pressure drop and loss of heattransfer duty. The heat exchanger inspection article provides you with information about the inspection of the heat exchanger and heat exchanger testing during the manufacturing phase, as well as inservice inspection in operating units. If you know the scope, steps and activities, schedule, resources and cost plan can be developed easily and monitored. Like with most equipment, inspection planning is essential for the successful inspection and maintenance of heat exchanger tubulars. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology. There are several rear header types that can be used but the stype rear head is the most popular. Floating head heat exchanger design tema api anson.
Heat transfer by shell and tube heat exchangers tema. Tubesheets in fixed and floating head heat exchangers. Induceddraft furnace heat exchanger inspection procedure. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Fixed and floating head pressure comparison for madison. An example of hard coke fouling is solid coke fragments circulating through the slurry exchanger tubes and restricting flow through the exchanger. Generally, both the shell and tube bundle are free of expansion, this permits no thermal stress is produced between shell. However, the term is commonly used to equipment in which two process streams exchange heat with each other.
Floating head heat exchanger is widely used for the service where the temperature is high between the shell and tube bundle, or the dirty service, like the petroleum refinery. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The documentation book furnace heat exchanger failure. A floating head is excellent for applications where the difference in temperature between the hot and cold fluid causes unacceptable stresses in the axial direction of the shell and tubes. Floating tube heat exchangers offer unheard of resistance to the thermal stress and fatigue common in every other type shell and tube heat exchanger. Part i, analysis, design and inspection, 363373, asme, new york. In the focus on finding failure advanced class for heat exchanger inspection training, each technician will learn how to increase their ability to be truly focused on finding failure to incredible levels. Aesaet these units are the most expensive of the removable bundle designed units. The choice of shell and tube type is determined chiefly by factors such as the need for the provision for differential movement between shell and tubes, the design pressure, the design temperature, and the fouling nature of the fluids rather than the function. A heat exchanger is a devices used to transfer heat between mediums. A floating head exchanger is suitable for the rigorous duties associated with high temperatures and pressures but is more expensive typically of order of 25% for carbon steel construction than the equivalent fixed tubesheet exchanger. Floating head is held in position by a split backing ring so that dismantling is possible. Tema stands for tubular exchanger manufacturers association, the tarrytown, n.
Gbt 294652012 shell flangerear head end of floating heat exchangers ics 23. So please participate and share knowledge just as you have in the past. All new posts will show up credited to their authors. Heat exchanger inspection free download as pdf file. In general the tubes in the heat exchanger undergoes expansion when there is a temperature gradient, now if both side of the tubes are firmly fixed then it may bulge as there is no provision for expansion in order to avoid this the tube side bundl. Tubular heat exchanger inspection, maintenance, and repair. Fixed tube sheet heat exchanger chemical engineering world. So please participate and share knowledge just as you have in.
There are two main categories of shell and tube exchanger. The term heat exchanger applies to all equipment used to transfer heat between two streams. The ring which is split in half to permit dismantling is placed at the back of the tube sheet shows the details of a split ring assembly. Jan 25, 2018 the floating tubes sheet is clamped between the floating head and a clamp ring. Floating head heat exchanger on sales quality floating. Aug 18, 2014 this presentation is about maintenance procedure for floating head heat exchanger. Illustrates the shell and u tube type heat exchangers commonly. Fixed and floating head heat exchanger constructions find widespread application in the power and process industries.
Exchanger manufacturers association, sample problem book for 6th edition. There are a variety of methods of inspecting or testing heat exchangers. Along the length of the tubes tube tube sheet joints can be visually inspected and standard ndt techniques, like penetrant testing or magnetic testing can be utilized. This presentation is about maintenance procedure for floating head heat exchanger. Dec 16, 20 most process shellandtube heat exchangers are manufactured to tubular exchanger manufacturers association tema standards. Find out information about internal floating head exchanger. Heat exchanger design handbook mechanical engineering. By passing of shell side fluid is minimum due to minimum clearance between the shell. Internal floatinghead exchanger article about internal floatinghead exchanger by the free dictionary. Above these temperature differences problems of differential expansion arise. Exchanger inspection 101 corrosion heat exchanger scribd. They need the documentation book for furnace heat exchanger failure. A floating head cover is bolted to the tube sheet and the entire bundle can be removed for cleaning and inspection of the interior. Split ring type heat exchanger floating head joint leak.
Continuation details install back cover with gasket water pump raise the pressure up to value given by inspection discharge the water, remove pg and. The simplest is a pullthrough design which allows the tube bundle to be pulled entirely through the shell for service or replacement. Third party inspection for shell and tube heat exchanger. Reflecting the authors extensive practical experienc. This revolutionary solution eliminates heat exchanger failure for industry leading equipment life without any maintenance. We deliver effective nonintrusive inspection nii for heat exchanger vessels and apply this approach widely to the shell side. Tubeandshell heat exchanger in which the tube sheet at one end of the tube bundle is free to move explanation of internal floatinghead exchanger. This is a handson tech teaching tech workshop on greatly increasing your abilities at finding failure using the inspector camera. Identification, visual appearance and dimensions, weld control, pt, section of weld, macroobservation, hardness check of weld metal and heat affected zone are checked as required.
In addition, a number of different head and shell designs are. Furnace heat exchanger documentation book highly informative book contains over 363 high resolution photos of heat exchanger failure, representing 109 different furnaces. Completely revised and updated to reflect current advances in heat exchanger technology, heat exchanger design handbook, second edition includes enhanced figures and thermal effectiveness charts, tables, new chapter, and additional topicsall while keeping the qualities that made the first edition a centerpiece of information for. These are commonly used up to temperature difference of 9095 c. Internal floatinghead exchanger article about internal. Removable bundle, outside packed floating head designs such as this type bep allow easy tube bundle removal and inspection and cleaning of the shell circuit and shell interior. Iimaterials and section vnon destructive testing are also relevant.
Fixed and floating head heat exchanger constructions find widespread. Heat exchanger inspection planning inspectioneering. Exchanger inspection 101 free download as powerpoint presentation. Cn102359850a assembly for pressure test of floating head.
A floating head heat exchanges is a type of shell and tube device with several components, including tubes, tube sheets, shell and shellside nozzles, tubeside channels and nozzles, channel covers, a pass divider and baffles. Plate type heat exchangers all inspection and maintenance is to be. The tubes may be permanently positioned inside the shell fixed tubesheet exchanger or may be removable for ease of cleaning and replacement floating head or utube exchanger. The welding and testing procedures in these instances shall be mutually agreed. Gbt 294652012 shell flangerear head end of floating heat exchangers. Advantages and disadvantages of fixed tube sheet heat exchanger advantages. Look for floating flames, flame roll out or flame distortion.
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